Orthotics

Orthotics (custom molded Orthoses) are shoe inserts that correct an abnormal, or irregular walking pattern. Sometimes called arch supports, orthotics allow people to stand, walk, and run more efficiently and comfortably by painlessly re-aligning the relationships of the various joints within your feet.

Podiatrists sometimes prescribe orthotic devices to correct an abnormal stance or gait, and often do so for patients following surgery to maintain surgical correction and prevent recurrence.

Orthotics come in many shapes and sizes, and materials and fall into three main categories: those designed to change foot function, are primarily protective in nature, and those that combine functional control and protection.

Rigid orthotics

Rigid orthotics are designed to control function and are often composed of a firm material such as plastic or carbon fiber. They are used primarily for walking or dress shoes. Such orthotics are made from a mold after a podiatrist takes a foam impression of the foot, aligned in it’s neutral position.

Rigid orthotics control motion in two major foot joints that lie directly below the ankle joint and may improve or eliminate strains, aches, and pains in the legs, thighs, and lower back.

Soft orthotics

Soft orthotics are primarily shock absorbers. They increase balance and redistribute pressures off-loading uncomfortable or sore spots. They are typically made up of soft, cushioning materials. Soft orthoses also are worn against the sole of the foot, extending from the heel past the ball of the foot, including the toes. Such orthotics are also made from a mold after a podiatrist takes a impression of your foot.

Soft orthoses are usually used in treating for diabetic, arthritic, and deformed feet.

Semi-rigid orthotics

Semi-rigid orthotics provide balance and support for walking or participating in sports. Different sports call for different kinds of semi-rigid orthotics. The typical semi-rigid orthotic is made up of layers of softer materials, reinforced by a more rigid outer layer material.

Children are sometimes given orthoses to treat flatfoot, in-toeing or out-toeing disorders. Athletes often are given these orthoses to control pain while they train and compete.
While over-the-counter shoe inserts may help some people with mild symptoms, they normally cannot correct the wide range of symptoms that prescription, custom-molded foot orthoses can, since over-the-counter shoe inserts are made to fit a person with an "average" foot shape.